January 18, 2014 / 17 Shevat 5774 / Shavuah Tov
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19
JANUARY
2014
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January 19, 2014 / 18 Shevat, 5774
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Events
- 250 – Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Pope Fabian is martyred.
- 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
- 1265 – In Westminster, the first English parliament conducts its first meeting held by Simon de Montfort in the Palace of Westminster, now also known colloquially as the "Houses of Parliament".
- 1649 – Charles I of England goes on trial for treason and other "high crimes".
- 1783 – The Kingdom of Great Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain, officially ending hostilities in the American Revolutionary War (also known as the American War of Independence).
- 1785 – Invading Siamese forces attempt to exploit the political chaos in Vietnam, but are ambushed and annihilated at the Mekong River by the Tay Son in the Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoà i Mút.
- 1788 – The third and main part of First Fleet arrives at Botany Bay. Arthur Phillip decides that Botany Bay is unsuitable for the location of a penal colony, and decides to move to Port Jackson.
- 1841 – Hong Kong Island is occupied by the British.
- 1885 – L.A. Thompson patents the roller coaster.
- 1887 – The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
- 1920 – The American Civil Liberties Union is founded.
- 1934 – Fujifilm, the photographic and electronics company, is founded in Tokyo, Japan.
- 1941 – A German officer is murdered in Bucharest, Romania, sparking a rebellion and pogrom by the Iron Guard, killing 125 Jews and 30 soldiers.
- 1942 – World War II: At the Wannsee Conference held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee, senior Nazi German officials discuss the implementation of the "Final Solutionto the Jewish Question".
- 1949 – Point Four Program a program for economic aid to poor countries announced by United States President Harry S. Truman in his inaugural address for a full term as President.
- 1954 – The National Negro Network is established with 40 charter member radio stations.
- 1969 – East Pakistani police kill student activist Amanullah Asaduzzaman. The resulting outrage is in part responsible for the Bangladesh Liberation War.
- 1972 – Pakistan launched its Nuclear weapons program few weeks after its defeat in Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
- 1981 – Twenty minutes after Ronald Reagan is inaugurated, at age 69 the oldest man ever to be inaugurated as U.S. President, Iran releases 52 American hostages.
- 1987 – Church of England envoy Terry Waite is kidnapped in Lebanon.
Births
- 225 – Gordian III, Roman Emperor (d. 244)
- 1703 – Joseph-Hector Fiocco, Flemish composer and violinist (d. 1741)
- 1762 – Jérôme-Joseph de Momigny, Belgian-French composer and theorist (d. 1842)
- 1804 – Eugène Sue, French author (d. 1857)
- 1896 – George Burns, American comedian (d. 1996)
- 1896 – Isabel Withers, American actress (d. 1968)
- 1906 – Aristotle Onassis, Turkish-Greek businessman (d. 1975)
- 1920 – Federico Fellini, Italian director (d. 1993)
- 1920 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1930 – Buzz Aldrin, American pilot and astronaut
- 1934 – Tom Baker, English actor
- 1946 – David Lynch, American director
- 1999 – Shannon Tavarez, American actress (d. 2010)
Deaths
- 250 – Pope Fabian (b. 200)
- 820 – Imam al-Shafi'i, Muslim jurist, founder of the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence (b. 767)
- 1156 – Henry, English-Finnish bishop and saint
- 1779 – David Garrick, English actor (b. 1717)
- 1837 – John Soane, English architect, designed the Bank of England (b. 1753)
- 1841 – Minh Mang, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1791)
- 1924 – Ivor Crapp, Australian umpire (b. 1872)
- 1954 – Fred Root, English cricketer (b. 1890)
- 1984 – Johnny Weissmuller, American swimmer and actor (b. 1904)
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