Rancorous election-year debate in the House culminates Friday as Republicans force Democrats to vote on a resolution that praises U.S. troops, labels the Iraq war part of a global fight on terrorism and says an "arbitrary date for the withdrawal or redeployment" of troops is not in the national interest.
"When our freedom is challenged, Americans do not run," said House Speaker Dennis Hastert, R-Illinois.
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"This war is a failed policy of the Bush administration," countered House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi of California. "We need a new direction in Iraq."
Democrats decried the debate and vote as a politically motivated sham, and some said they would vote against the measure even though Republicans could then try to claim that Democrats don't support U.S. troops. A few Republicans who have publicly expressed misgivings about the war also were expected to oppose the resolution.
The House vote comes one day after the Senate soundly rejected a call to withdraw combat troops by year's end by shelving a proposal that would allow "only forces that are critical to completing the mission of standing up Iraqi security forces" to remain in Iraq in 2007.
That vote was 93-6, but Democrats criticized the GOP maneuver that led to the vote as political gamesmanship and promised further debate next week on a proposal to start redeploying troops this year.
Congress erupted in debate on the Iraq war four months before midterm elections that will decide the control of both the House and Senate, and as Bush was trying to rebuild waning public support for the conflict.
The administration was so determined to get out its message that the Pentagon distributed a highly unusual 74-page "debate prep book" filled with ready-made answers for criticism of the war, which began in March 2003.
"We cannot cut and run," the battle plan says at one point, anticipating Democratic calls for a troop withdrawal on a fixed timetable.
'The pain families feel'
As debate got under way in the House on Thursday, the Senate sent the president an additional $66 billion for military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan -- legislation Bush promptly signed -- and the Pentagon announced the U.S. death toll for the war had reached 2,500.
"It's a number," White House press secretary Tony Snow said of the grim milestone. He said Bush "feels very deeply the pain that the families feel."
The president has tried to rally support for the Iraq war in the days since the death of terror leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi and the recent completion of a new Iraqi government.
But as the death toll and price tag of the conflict continue to rise, opinion polls show voters increasingly frustrated with the war and favoring Democrats to control Congress instead of the Republicans who now run the show.
Sensitive to those political realities, Republicans in both the Senate and House sought to put lawmakers of both parties on record on an issue certain to be central in this fall's congressional elections.
'Winning should be our only option'
In the House, Republicans defended the Iraq war as a key part of the global fight against terrorism while Democrats called for a new direction in the conflict.
Partisan politics took center stage. Republicans painted Democrats as quitters who advocate a cut-and-run strategy and Democrats derided Republicans as Bush foot soldiers who refuse to challenge him.
"Many, not all, on the other side of the aisle lack the will to win," said Rep. Charles Norwood, R-Georgia.
In turn, Rep. Rahm Emanuel, D-Illinois, asserted: "The Republican Congress sat and watched the administration make mistake after mistake after mistake."
Rep. Phil Gingrey, R-Georgia, stuck to the GOP script, saying, "In this fight for the future of peace, freedom and democracy in the Middle East and around the globe, winning should be our only option."
'Stay and we'll pay'
"Stay and we'll pay," argued Rep. John Murtha, D-Pennsylvania, who criticized "the failed policy of this administration" and lamented the lives lost, billions of dollars spent and the bruised U.S. image since the war started.
On the other side of the Capitol, the Senate vote unfolded unexpectedly as the second-ranking GOP leader, Sen. Mitch McConnell, R-Kentucky, introduced legislation he said was taken from a proposal by Sen. John Kerry, the Massachusetts Democrat and war critic. It called for Bush to agree with the Iraqi government on a schedule for withdrawal of combat troops by December 31, 2006.
Democratic leader Harry Reid sought to curtail floor debate on the proposal, and the vote occurred quickly. Six Democrats, including Kerry, were in the minority.
Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, R-Tennessee, predicted that terrorism would spread around the world, and eventually reach the United States if the United States were to "cut and run" before Iraq can defend itself.
But Reid, D-Nevada, countered: "Two things that don't exist in Iraq and have not, weapons of mass destruction, and cutting and running."
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