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P.O. Box 55089 Sherman Oaks, CA 91499-1964 www.FrontPageMag.com |
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March 4, 2014 / 2 AdarII 5774
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Events
- 363 – Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
- 1046 – Naser Khosrow begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.
- 1496 – King Henry VII of England issues letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorising them to explore unknown lands.
- 1616 – Nicolaus Copernicus's book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium is banned by the Catholic Church
- 1770 – Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, and a boy, are killed by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War (also known as the American War of Independence) five years later. At a subsequent trial the soldiers are defended by future U.S. president John Adams.
- 1836 – Samuel Colt patents the first production-model revolver, the .34-caliber.
- 1868 – Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito receives its première performance at La Scala.
- 1872 – George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
- 1912 – Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines
- 1931 – The British Viceroy of India, Governor-General Edward Frederick Lindley Wood and Mohandas Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) sign an agreement envisaging the release of political prisoners and allowing salt to be freely used by the poorest members of the population.
- 1933 – Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party receives 43.9% at the Reichstag elections. This later allows the Nazis to pass the Enabling Act and establish a dictatorship.
- 1940 – Members of Soviet politburo, including general secretary Joseph Stalin, sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, known also as the Katyn massacre.
- 1946 – Winston Churchill coins the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College, Missouri.
- 1960 – Cuban photographer Alberto Korda takes his iconic photograph of Marxist revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara.
- 1975 – First meeting of the Homebrew Computer Club
- 1981 – The ZX81, a pioneering British home computer, is launched by Sinclair Research and would go on to sell over 1.5 million units around the world.
- 1982 – Soviet probe Venera 14 landed on Venus.
- 2003 – In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed by a Hamas suicide bomb in the Haifa bus 37 massacre.
Births
- 1133 – Henry II of England (d. 1189)
- 1512 – Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer, philosopher, and mathematician (d. 1594)
- 1575 – William Oughtred, English mathematician (d. 1660)
- 1748 – William Shield, English violinist and composer (d. 1829)
- 1836 – Charles Goodnight, American rancher (d. 1929)
- 1853 – Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)
- 1879 – William Beveridge, Indian-English economist (d. 1963)
- 1887 – Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian composer (d. 1959)
- 1898 – Soong May-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek, 2nd First Lady of China (d. 2003)
- 1908 – Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)
- 1910 – Momofuku Ando, Taiwanese-Japanese businessman, founded Nissin Foods (d. 2007)
- 1931 – Fred, French illustrator (d. 2013)
- 1946 – Mem Fox, Australian author
- 1948 – Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984)
- 1952 – Alan Clark, English keyboard player (Dire Straits)
- 1958 – Andy Gibb, English-Australian singer (d. 1988)
- 1962 – Charlie Reid, Scottish singer-songwriter (The Proclaimers)
- 1962 – Craig Reid, Scottish singer-songwriter (The Proclaimers)
- 1974 – Matt Lucas, English comedian, actor, singer, and screenwriter
- 1975 – Jolene Blalock, American actress
- 1994 – Daria Gavrilova, Russian tennis player
Deaths
- 254 – Pope Lucius I (b. 200)
- 1695 – Henry Wharton, English librarian and author (b. 1664)
- 1770 – Crispus Attucks, American slave (b. 1723)
- 1815 – Franz Anton Mesmer, German physician and astrologist (b. 1734)
- 1827 – Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1749)
- 1827 – Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (b. 1745)
- 1953 – Joseph Stalin, Soviet marshal and politician, 3rd leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1878)
- 1963 – Patsy Cline, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
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