Thursday, October 21, 2021

21st Oct Review of Historical and Current Affairs

My name is David Daniel Ball and I am Voice DDB dot locals dot com a voice of freedom supporting freedom around the world for all peoples. I write on historical and current affairs. I look for the conservative voice where mainstream media eschews it. Around the world media espouses liberalism orthodoxy and proclaims a history of liberalism that never happened. Liberalism of today is based on repeated lies that have been accepted from the past. 

Consider these recent truths

Disgraced former FBI chief has been gifted money. Former acting Director off the FBI, Andrew McCabe has been given special benefits despite corruption at the FBI. He had been fired in 2018 after tanking an investigation into Hillary Clinton after his wife had been paid by Clinton. McCabe's reward for failure of duty may be a million dollars

Exemplary marine officer convicted of trumped up charges following whistle blowing. He has pled guilty on a plea deal to charges. Lt Colonel Stuart Scheller has been fined and given a letter of reprimand after correctly calling out senior administration over the Afghan withdrawal debacle. Scheller loses his career over the injustice. 

A fourteen year old boy who was declared to be dead from COVID was killed by brain cancer? The precise truth of this is unknown, because although we know a newspaper headline promoted a lie told by authorities that the boy died from COVID when he did not, they now assert there is privacy when there was not. Consider that Facebook, the media and Twitter keep the fake news while persecuting those telling the truth as it becomes known. 

We are being lied to. But not by everyone. Our nations and their justice machinery are not broken, but damaged. Things are bad, but they are supposed to be bad, rather than merely breaking. We can't give up. We must reject the liars, and remove them from public office, and prosecute them lawfully. Things can get better, but we must persevere or risk losing hope. We must not fight the Devil by playing the Devil's game. Rather we must resist the Devil by being free. There is no law against doing what is right. Their utter depravity kills us. They target us and they seek to restrain us. But while the greatest among us a hundred years ago has died, their legacy has not. That which we are, we are. Lockdowns were ineffective in dealing with COVID. Effective medication has been denied whole populations. Herd immunity will prevail. Fraud deleteriously affected recent elections around the world. But, Democracy will prevail. Our oppressors will pass. For us to win, we must assert our freedoms. For us to lose, we must willingly surrender our freedoms forever. Our children will have to pay back our debt. We must sacrifice now so that they can. That means telling truth to power. That means pointing up when when some get confused and lose their way. Stand by the one who sacrificed their pension and freedoms to speak out. Prosecute the ones forgiven by a debauched and self interested administration. Vote for those who help you exercise your freedom. Don't wait for free speech. Exercise free speech. 

https://voiceddb.locals.com/post/1181546/ddb-live-stream-17th-oct

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Intro to Locals.com

My name is David Daniel Ball I'm a teacher with three decades experience teaching math to high school kids.I also work with first graders and kids in between first grade and high school. I know the legends of why Hypatia's dad is remembered through his contribution to Math theory. And I know the legend of why followers of Godel had thought he had disproved God's existence. 

I'm not a preacher, but I am a Christian who has written over 28 books all of which include some reference to my faith. Twelve blog books on world history and current affairs, detailing world events , births and marriages on each day of the year, organised by month. Twelve books on the background to and history of Bible Quotes. One Bible quote per day for a year. An intro to a science fiction series I'm planning, post apocalyptic cyber punk. An autobiography with short story collections. 

I'm known in Australia for my failure as a whistleblower over the negligence death of a school boy. I had reported the issue responsibly and had not known I'd blown the whistle. The embarrassed left wing government had responded by imposition of a nationwide ban on the use of peanut butter in canteens, despite failing to address the issue of peanut allergy appropriately. 

I've been de-platformed on Facebook and twitter despite not being an activist. Twitter did not like me asking for Obama to face justice in 2011. FB gave no specific reason for removing me following Jan 6th 2021 in Washington DC where a policeman killed an unarmed woman, so a crowd would know he was in control.

https://voiceddb.locals.com/post/1018405/intro-to-locals-for-the-conservative-voice

=== From 2017 ===
Don't give up on hope. The press are attacking Trump as they have Abbott. Both characters are different, very different, but the vehemence of the media is the same. Only Trump has an advantage Abbott never had. Trump knows and is opposed to the Clinton Foundation while former PM Tony Abbott wasn't supposed to have had to face the foreign group politically, but it was invited into Australia, apparently, by Turnbull and Bishop. It should be of great concern to media that the Clinton Foundation has a reach into Australian  politics. It is a major security breach. And any number of scandals may be attributed to it that rely on influence peddling, like AGW alarmism which underpins government policy, or the explosion of dual nationality MPs on technicalities. Some will say the argument is flawed, that the Clinton foundation was not responsible for NZ legislation that conferred dual nationality on foreign citizens. And that is true, but the rank opportunism is part of influence peddling. 
=== from 2016 ===
The campaign is nearly over. I thank My friends Hao, Jason, Mandy and Tammy for their patience as I went through obnoxious phases. I had to stop Hao from trying to help with things. Local government is a different muscle to teaching or whistleblowing or writing. I am an independent conservative. I would have liked to have joined with the Liberal Party, but it is against their constitution to accept me. I'm new to Dandenong and because I am Libertarian Conservative in a broadly left wing area I did not expect to be embraced. But Dandenong is a mixture of diverse peoples and I think that is wonderful. I have walked some 280 KM on campaign. Some say I was merely playing Pokemon Go and it is true that I have knowledge of those Poke Stops from the Mosque in Cleeland St, through to the Gym in the Table Tennis centre and pool, down toward the court area, Dandenong Markets and Plaza, the Library, Keysborough, South Dandenong and Springvale. I hunted Pokemon as I walked down Abbott st in Hallam to work. It was how I discovered that the council had licensed a saturday school in an area without public transport access or pedestrian walkways. 

I would like council to listen to constituents more about salient issues. They have strong opinions on the environment, on social justice, and on lots of things they really have no control over and aren't there to do. Such indulgence means they miss out on important things, like ineffective recycling (do we profit from it?), a rising crime rate (30% increase in the term of the last council), red tape preventing trade (blocking a development in an area zoned for it), youth unemployment related to business red tape, bus routes that are badly directed, and even housing estates that require satellite access to get internet. It is true council are not responsible directly for all that, but their decisions, or indecision, affect it. 

I am an evangelical Christian and I thank God for an opportunity to serve. I thank New Life for existing and having a spiritual home to me. I would like to help them too, if I could. They are looking for a home where they can meet on Sunday, and have an office during the week. They are international, with branches around the world, centred on Dandenong. They can't afford a commercial space because they are too big, and too big for a traditional church space. But the council has not got a facility available for people willing to pay their way? That is a failure of planning if true. One councillor can't do much. But by putting an idea out for public to examine, if council agrees, then a positive change can be made. And that is what I want to do. My campaign is secular, because I think if everyone benefits, then, everyone benefits. 

I suggest Red Gum ward vote for David Daniel Ball. And, after asking your local councillor about their views on Trump, Same Sex Marriage and Greyhounds, try and find out what it is they will do to make garbage collection cheaper and more efficient. Ask how they will make business more profitable. Ask what they will do to help address crime. Ask what they will do to improve public transport issues locally. 
=== from 2015 ===
Author Suzanne Falkiner was doing research on the origins of St Vincents Hospital in Sydney when she came across the curious case of Eugenia Falleni, a cross dressing killer in the 1920s. Only the story Dr Falkiner tells in Eugenia, A Man is far deeper than those words (cross dressing killer) suggest. Eugenia's life intersected with another killer, Dorothy Mort, who did not need to cross dress to kill the man she loved, but feared she was losing. The dead man, Claude Tozer an honoured soldier and GP who had treated her. Tozer was also an opening bat who might have played for Australia in the summer WW Armstrong won the Ashes 5 -0. Tozer was not Mort's husband. Eugenia got lessons in reading and writing from Mrs Mort in jail. It is worth checking out the books.

Cross dressers in history are known. The bible has some soldiers cross dressing in Joshua while scouting a city they hoped to invade. During the Roman persecutions of Christians, a Eugenia dressed as a man, but was discovered and sainted. James Barry dressed as a man and became a surgeon in the nineteenth century. James performed the first known c-section where both mother and child survived. It was circa 1816 in South Africa and did not involve anaesthesia. Later, James worked in the Crimea where Florence Nightingale met and despised her. James' gender was only discovered after her death. 

Women dressing as men makes sense because of the possibility of mobility and power. Men dressing as women makes sense when they are trying to hide. But it is an over reach to say cross dressing just makes sense.

There is no evidence that Turnbull cross dresses, but he isn't supporting freedom of speech. 

For some, at the moment, the Sex Party has more credibility.
From 2014
A great man passed on this day. Or, as some noted, died. His name is plastered around Australia in lots of locations, some unlikely. He was a little bit shallow in some ways, but he towered for his achievements for which the world should applaud. Some despise him, but that is probably mere partisan politics. He was above that. The great man was Horatio Nelson and he died in 1805 at Trafalgar off the Spanish Coast, near Cadiz. An old chardonnay socialist also died this morning, Gough Whitlam, more about him later.

To set the scene in 1805, England's greatest sailor was facing near certain death and humiliation off the Spanish coast on the morning. He had a desperate plan that had never worked successfully before. He was faced with a larger force of a combined fleet of Spanish and French fleet, under the command of Pierre-Charles Villeneuve for France and Federico Gravina for Spain. Nelson had 27 ships of the line to 33. Classically, the ships would form in two lines and shoot at each other with broadsides until the fleet with less guns and ships was annihilated or surrendered. But Napoleon had had plans to march his grand army into Britain and if Napoleon's fleet was free, her massive army would easily take London. So Nelson was faced with a battle he couldn't surrender or lose, but couldn't win through conventional means. So Nelson's plan addressed it by promoting the superiority of British ships on one to one combat. Britain had had better ships thanks to her guns having triggers instead of lit wicks for firing, better trained men and copper lined bottoms to her ships. Nelson's desperate plan was to sail his ships directly towards the enemy line in two lines at a right angle. He knew the front two British ships would have to weather about thirty minutes of direct fire from the enemy line, but when the closed, he would be able to fight ship to ship with the centre and vanguard of enemy ships, while the enemy ships in the top of the line would have to turn around and re engage. Nelson had two lines because when the tactic had been applied in the past, the concentrated fire on one ship had sunk it and every subsequent one. Two lines, he calculated, would diminish the damage taken to either. Nelson led one line, Cuthbert Collingwood another. Nelson wanted to tell his men he was confiding in them, and he knew they would do their best. But the flag signal man told him he could transmit the message more easily if he substituted a few words. The message, approved by Nelson, is recorded in history and stirring. Instead of Admiral Nelson, the word used was England. Instead of confides, the word used was expects. The message had become "England expects every man will do their duty."

In battle, the forecastle of Victory (Nelson's ship) had lines of marines. Some six were picked off before he gave instructions that they could break ranks and seek cover. Nelson's secretary was adjacent to him when a cannonball knocked his head in, splashing his brains onto Nelson, who remarked he didn't like the taste and regretted that the secretary would not experience victory. Nelson stood with full assignations on his uniform, including a stunning diamond. Smoke obscured the scene as Victory closed with Redoubtable and a sniper shot from Redoubtable's Mast Nest mortally wounded Nelson. Captain Hardy was on hand, and carried Nelson below deck to see the surgeon. Hardy could have been charged with negligence for deserting his post later. Nelson took some five hours to die. Near death, Hardy returned to report success. Nelson thanked God he had done his duty. Britain had not lost a ship, but captured 21 ships and destroyed another. Napoleon would march his Grand Armee on Moscow later. As a result, England would rule the waves around the world until WW2.

I dispute that Gough was the worst PM at the time of his death. His abysmal foreign policy is still felt around the world, his debt crisis is still unbalancing the Australian economy and his bad 'reform' of ALP has kept it in the nineteenth century and prevented good people from achieving anything, but Rudd, then Gillard were worse. It is worth listing Gough's achievements. Gough distrusted the US who were allies, and embraced Communist China before Nixon went to negotiate freedoms. He ended conscription and pulled Australia out of Vietnam sooner than high command had planned. That meant when US pulled out in '75 that lots of weapons were left behind that were dangerous for the communist world to have. The threat that Communist Vietnam would sell those weapons to Timor's communist rebels meant Gough gave the nod to Indonesia to invade to prevent those communist Timor rebels from buying and using those weapons. The Timor invasion by Indonesia resulted in the apparently planned deaths of Australian journalists at Balibo by Indonesian special forces, some of whom vie for Indonesian politics today. Gough distrusted Southern Vietnamese who had been supported by the US and spurned their pleas for help. Because of his disastrous spending, Gough needed lots of money and sought to embroil Australia with Iraq. Gough had become leader of a disunited infighting ALP and he took steps to reform it by aligning it more closely with unions and producing the model that cannot be reformed now without disentangling from corrupt union leadership. In Australia, Gough spent unsustainably, and made reckless promises. He promised free education and made it harder for better students to study at university, ultimately making it more expensive for everyone. He promised fair access to health care but delivered a faulty product that needed to be reformed. He politicised the High Court and Governor General's position and created the family court which even today is highly criticised for poor decision making. Gough cared little for those he was responsible for and complained when his holidays were interrupted for disasters, like Cyclone Tracy and the Melbourne floods. Gough was the champion of empty symbolism and claimed to do things he hadn't done, like ending the White Australia Policy. He divided Australia on racial lines by creating a body which has failed to address needs of Aboriginals adequately. Gough felt betrayed by the governor general he appointed and he ruined the man who served faithfully, John Kerr. Gough was patron to notable ALP failures in Keating, Gillard and Clare. He was a charming man who could joke about his megalomania in a pasta advert. On the plus side, he got rid of McMahon as Liberal chief. But he ruined that with Fraser.

World Series Baseball.
Pixar vs Disney vis San Francisco Giants vs Kansas City Royals. The rivalry is friendly and serious. US politics is dominated by the Presidential elections which have primaries which result in two opposed candidates. The process is pretty good in galvanising support behind each candidate. And so too the World series is an example where the main season is about demonstrating the superiority of each team that has their division. By the end of it, the best team of the season will have won four WSB games against the next best. May the best team win.

Terrorists
Turkey allows Kurdish reinforcements after obstructing help from going to desperate Kurdish fighters. A 17 year old Australian ran away from home and now preaches hate in favour of ISIL against Mr Abbott. As he is now a terrorist, maybe his school report cards could be released for the public to know what a terrorist spokesperson was like at school.

AGW Alarmism
Warmists should apologise to Bob Carter who was slammed by AGW alarmist scientists rather than debated. A basic tenet of academia is that anyone can have a good idea, and that ideas can be robustly debated. Instead Carter was smeared and his ideas not debated, but denied. That is anti intellectual which is a character of most AGW alarmism. People suffer from green alarmism. A lot of poor people who get denied what others get because they can't afford it because of Green policy. Greens might have good intentions. 

Freedom of Speech
Barry Humphries defends Barry Spurr, the Sydney University poet whose privacy was invaded by a left wing magazine who denied him natural justice for saying things the magazine did not agree with. Luckily the NSA does not often behave like that. Celebrating on the ABC what diminishes women as a guest wears a hijab to obscure her face and says she likes it. ABC spreads Peter Carey conspiracy theory that US government dismissed Whitlam, and not the Australian people. Universities embracing freedom? A few universities have stopped terrorists from advancing their noxious claims. Oscar Pistorius got five years maximum for killing his girlfriend on Valentines Day. Oscar's success is not a great moment in freedom of speech, but the judge had determined it wasn't murder, so it must have been personal expression of a person who struggled to say what he meant. 

Local politics
ABC is too big, dwarfing commercial media. Labor leads in polls which means little at the moment but is a big threat unless addressed. $433000 for each unemployed Aborigine placed in a job by a $1.5 billion ALP policy. I could have done a better job for half that. 
From 2013
The Abbott government is going to have to work hard to reform the economy. Workplace reform is a challenge. Bloated bureaucracy. Hockey is undertaking an audit. Media have patted themselves on the back recently, saying the economy is not that bad despite the abysmal ALP government. The audit will allow Hockey to best direct resources. But vastly increased debt is not a solution. 
Williamson is sorry he was caught embezzling from the poorest workers. But won't pay it back. 
Shorten's leadership foreshadowed as being challenged. He isn't very smart and he is being protected by the press gallery .. for now. But then so were his predecessors. His AGW policy is crippling the party. 
Flannery's conflict of interest not revealed by the ABC because, it was his conflict, not theirs? 
Gore's lie is exposed. Will he return his Nobel Prize? 
Disaster means cash splash? 
Abbott abusers highly lauded by Walkleys. Meanwhile, Abbott volunteers to serve. 
Adam Bandt and ALP's Andrew Leigh the vultures. 
ALP claim the drop in boat numbers is because of ALP policy. 
SMH and LA Times ban warming skeptics .. how is that for debate? 

Corruption at high levels of government is serious. Because I had not thought it had extended so far, I made a private complaint to the NSW Dept of Ed in '94 about a teacher at Campbelltown PAHS who was in the habit of walking into the girls change room of the year 7's and 8's, touched students inappropriately in activity (publicly groping a blond haired girl to illustrate an activity to other year 8 students in front of staff) denying medication to students (asthma inhalers to students who forgot them prior to activity, talking inappropriately to girls on the playground (telling a year 11 girl who was smoking a cigarette she might prefer his dick). I expected nothing to happen. I expected to be pushed aside. I hadn't expected the cover up to include the highest levels of bureaucracy and the then Premier's office. 

The complaint was 'dealt with' after some aggrieved students were interviewed by protection officers after they left school. They apparently told investigators that they did not feel like pursuing the matter. Investigators told me privately that as a result they would have to conclude nothing happened. I pointed out it had smoked my career and pushed me to a few schools and I would have to think twice before reporting again. 
The issue became important because I was working as a boarder tutor at Hurlstone AHS. A control freak who didn't like me because I was fat, who was my immediate supervisor, was having difficulties getting rid of me because I didn't mind doing more than other staff. I was placed on probation for being fat, but after a few terms that was 'forgotten.' I was asked to transfer to the school and offered a President position of LMTA (Liverpool Math Teacher Association) by the incumbent President who was HT Math at Hurlstone. But there was a meeting of Head Teachers Mathematics of Hurlstone AHS and Campbelltown PAHS and the Hurlstone Head changed his mind about wanting me to transfer, or offering me the Presidency. That gave the Welfare HT leverage. Firstly, I was moved from one accommodation place to another. Then my new place was declared unfit for habitation. I was housed in the staff common room which was used by the Olympic Road Traffic Authority as a headquarters. Then I was told my place was repaired, but a guy who was retiring would stay there, I found accommodation off site after a year of being moved around, after three years on site. 

I worked a few casual nights at Hurlstone during the 4th year (having started in '98, I was itinerant in '01). It was as the most senior person on duty that I met Hamidur Rahman over dinner and found out about his peanut allergy. I reported it to the HT Welfare, whom I thought would ignore me, and his boss, the Deputy Principal. Both warned me not to speak publicly about Hamidur's health issue. Both promised staff would be warned about the issue. I stopped working at Hurlstone soon after that, and appealed to the department over the unfair dismissal. 

In 2002, Hamidur died when a PE teacher who had not known of Hamidur's allergy ordered him to lick peanut butter from a spoon as a reward for an activity. The instruction to use peanut butter as a reward had come from the Head Teacher Welfare at a staff meeting when I worked there. Later that year, the Department took action against me, saying I was too fat to teach Mathematics. I was offered early retirement but declined when I was promised a new deal by a new Principal at my day school of Canley Vale HS. 

But harassment did not end there. In '03, I began blogging. In '04, I took long service leave, wrote my autobiography in the hopes of changing career and was treated for Sleep Apnea. In '05 I was contacted by an old school friend who was a legal adviser to the then Premier of NSW and whom I'd asked for advice in '95 about Campbelltown. I shared my autobiography with them. In '06, I was ordered by the Department of Education to stop writing online, and ordered to delete everything. This instruction was given under the auspices of the 2004 Teacher's Code of Conduct my school friend had claimed to have written. 

In '07, I waited until after the state election hoping for a new government, but ALP was reelected. I contacted the new Education Minister, Della Bosca through Tripodi and asked him to consider my issue. I threatened to resign and speak out if my issue was not addressed. The Coroner investigating Hamidur's death had meantime reported the parents had failed to inform the school of his allergy. 

Had the department not bungled the Campbelltown PAHS investigation, Hamidur might well be alive today. 
Historical perspective on this day
1096 – People's Crusade: A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fight off the People's Army of the West.
1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of BouillonBohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of Antioch.
1209 – Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
1392 – Nanboku-chō, Japan: Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu.

1512 – Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg.
1520 – Ferdinand Magellan discovers a strait now known as Strait of Magellan.
1520 – João Álvares Fagundes discovers the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, bestowing them their original name of "Islands of the 11,000 Virgins".
1600 – Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara, which marks the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate.
1774 – First display of the word "Liberty" on a flag, raised by colonists in Taunton, Massachusetts in defiance of British rule in Colonial America.
1797 – In Boston Harbor, the 44-gun United States Navy frigate USS Constitution is launched.

1805 – Napoleonic WarsBattle of Trafalgar: A British fleet led by Vice Admiral Lord Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Villeneuve.
1824 – Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement.
1854 – Florence Nightingale and a staff of 38 nurses are sent to the Crimean War.
1861 – American Civil WarBattle of Ball's BluffUnion forces under Colonel Edward Baker are defeated by Confederate troops in the second major battle of the war.
1867 – The Medicine Lodge Treaty is signed by southern Great Plains Indian leaders. The treaty requires Native American Plains tribes to relocate to a reservation in western Oklahoma.

1879 – Thomas Edison applies for a patent for his design for an incandescent light bulb.
1888 – Foundation of the Swiss Social Democratic Party.
1892 – Opening ceremonies for the World's Columbian Exposition are held in Chicago, though because construction was behind schedule, the exposition did not open until May 1, 1893.
1895 – The Republic of Formosa collapses as Japanese forces invade.

1910 – HMS Niobe arrives in Halifax Harbour to become the first ship of the Royal Canadian Navy.
1912 – First Balkan WarKardzhali is liberated by Bulgarian forces.
1921 – President Warren G. Harding delivers the first speech by a sitting U.S. President against lynching in the deep South.
1931 – The Sakurakai, a secret society in the Imperial Japanese Army, launches an abortive coup d'état attempt.

1940 – The first edition of the Ernest Hemingway novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is published.
1943 – The Provisional Government of Free India is formally declared by Subhas Chandra Bose.
1944 – World War II: The first kamikaze attack. A Japanese fighter plane carrying a 200-kilogram (440 lb) bomb attacks HMAS Australia off Leyte Island, as the Battle of Leyte Gulf began.
1944 – World War II: Nemmersdorf massacre against the German civilians takes place.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Aachen: The city of Aachen falls to American forces after three weeks of fighting, making it the first German city to fall to the Allies.
1945 – Women's suffrage: Women are allowed to vote in France for the first time.

1950 – Korean War: Heavy fighting begins between British and Australian forces from the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade and the North Korean 239th Regiment during the Battle of Yongju.
1956 – Mau Mau Uprising: Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is captured by the British Army, signalling the ultimate defeat of the rebellion, and essentially ending the British military campaign.
1959 – In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, opens to the public.
1959 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order transferring Wernher von Braun and other German scientists from the United States Army to NASA.

1965 – Comet Ikeya–Seki approaches perihelion, passing 450,000 kilometers (279,617 miles) from the sun.
1966 – Aberfan disaster: A colliery spoil tip collapses on the village of Aberfan in Wales, killing 144 people, mostly schoolchildren.
1967 – Vietnam War: More than 100,000 war protesters gather in Washington, D.C.. Similar demonstrations occur simultaneously in Japan and Western Europe.
1969 – A coup d'état in Somalia brings Siad Barre to power and establishes a socialist republic in Somalia.

1971 – A gas explosion kills 22 people at a shopping center in Clarkston, East Renfrewshire, near Glasgow, Scotland.
1973 – Fred Dryer of the Los Angeles Rams becomes the first player in NFL history to score two safeties in the same game.
1978 – Australian civilian pilot Frederick Valentich vanishes in a Cessna 182 over the Bass Straitsouth of Melbourne, after reporting contact with an unidentified aircraft.
1979 – Moshe Dayan resigns from the Israeli government because of strong disagreements with Prime Minister Menachem Begin over policy towards the Arabs.

1981 – Andreas Papandreou becomes Prime Minister of Greece, ending an almost 50-year-long system of power dominated by conservative forces.
1983 – The metre is defined at the seventeenth General Conference on Weights and Measures as the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
1986 – In Lebanon, pro-Iran kidnappers claim to have abducted American writer Edward Tracy (he is released in August 1991).
1987 – Jaffna hospital massacre is carried out by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka killing 70 ethnic Tamil patients, doctors and nurses.

1994 – North Korea nuclear weapons programNorth Korea and the United States sign an Agreed Framework that requires North Korea to stop its nuclear weapons program and agree to inspections.
1994 – In Seoul, 32 people are killed when the Seongsu Bridge collapses.
2005 – Images of the dwarf planet Eris are taken and subsequently used in documenting its discovery by the team of Michael E. BrownChad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz.
===






1096 – People's Crusade: A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fight off the People's Army of the West.
1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of BouillonBohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse, begin the Siege of Antioch.
1209 – Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
1392 – Nanboku-chō, Japan: Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu.

1512 – Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg.
1520 – Ferdinand Magellan discovers a strait now known as Strait of Magellan.
1520 – João Álvares Fagundes discovers the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, bestowing them their original name of "Islands of the 11,000 Virgins".
1600 – Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara, which marks the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate.
1774 – First display of the word "Liberty" on a flag, raised by colonists in Taunton, Massachusetts in defiance of British rule in Colonial America.
1797 – In Boston Harbor, the 44-gun United States Navy frigate USS Constitution is launched.

1805 – Napoleonic WarsBattle of Trafalgar: A British fleet led by Vice Admiral Lord Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Villeneuve.
1824 – Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement.
1854 – Florence Nightingale and a staff of 38 nurses are sent to the Crimean War.
1861 – American Civil WarBattle of Ball's BluffUnion forces under Colonel Edward Baker are defeated by Confederate troops in the second major battle of the war.
1867 – The Medicine Lodge Treaty is signed by southern Great Plains Indian leaders. The treaty requires Native American Plains tribes to relocate to a reservation in western Oklahoma.

1879 – Thomas Edison applies for a patent for his design for an incandescent light bulb.
1888 – Foundation of the Swiss Social Democratic Party.
1892 – Opening ceremonies for the World's Columbian Exposition are held in Chicago, though because construction was behind schedule, the exposition did not open until May 1, 1893.



1921 – President Warren G. Harding delivers the first speech by a sitting U.S. President against lynching in the deep South.
1931 – The Sakurakai, a secret society in the Imperial Japanese Army, launches an abortive coup d'état attempt.

1940 – The first edition of the Ernest Hemingway novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is published.
1943 – The Provisional Government of Free India is formally declared by Subhas Chandra Bose.
1944 – World War II: The first kamikaze attack. A Japanese fighter plane carrying a 200-kilogram (440 lb) bomb attacks HMAS Australia off Leyte Island, as the Battle of Leyte Gulf began.
1944 – World War II: Nemmersdorf massacre against the German civilians takes place.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Aachen: The city of Aachen falls to American forces after three weeks of fighting, making it the first German city to fall to the Allies.
1945 – Women's suffrage: Women are allowed to vote in France for the first time.

1950 – Korean War: Heavy fighting begins between British and Australian forces from the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade and the North Korean 239th Regiment during the Battle of Yongju.
1956 – Mau Mau Uprising: Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is captured by the British Army, signalling the ultimate defeat of the rebellion, and essentially ending the British military campaign.
1959 – In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, opens to the public.
1959 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order transferring Wernher von Braun and other German scientists from the United States Army to NASA.

1965 – Comet Ikeya–Seki approaches perihelion, passing 450,000 kilometers (279,617 miles) from the sun.
1966 – Aberfan disaster: A colliery spoil tip collapses on the village of Aberfan in Wales, killing 144 people, mostly schoolchildren.
1967 – Vietnam War: More than 100,000 war protesters gather in Washington, D.C.. Similar demonstrations occur simultaneously in Japan and Western Europe.



1973 – Fred Dryer of the Los Angeles Rams becomes the first player in NFL history to score two safeties in the same game.
1978 – Australian civilian pilot Frederick Valentich vanishes in a Cessna 182 over the Bass Strait south of Melbourne, after reporting contact with an unidentified aircraft.
1979 – Moshe Dayan resigns from the Israeli government because of strong disagreements with Prime Minister Menachem Begin over policy towards the Arabs.

1981 – Andreas Papandreou becomes Prime Minister of Greece, ending an almost 50-year-long system of power dominated by conservative forces.
1983 – The metre is defined at the seventeenth General Conference on Weights and Measures as the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
1986 – In Lebanon, pro-Iran kidnappers claim to have abducted American writer Edward Tracy (he is released in August 1991).
1987 – Jaffna hospital massacre is carried out by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka killing 70 ethnic Tamil patients, doctors and nurses.


2005 – Images of the dwarf planet Eris are taken and subsequently used in documenting its discovery by the team of Michael E. BrownChad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz.

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