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April 16, 2014 / 16 Nisan 5774
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Events
- 69 – After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor.
- 1080 – The King of Denmark Harald III dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonised.
- 1397 – Geoffrey Chaucer tells the Canterbury Tales for the first time at the court of Richard II. Chaucer scholars have also identified this date (in 1387) as the start of the book's pilgrimage to Canterbury.
- 1492 – Spain and Christopher Columbus sign the Capitulations of Santa Fe for his voyage to Asia to acquire spices.
- 1521 – Trial of Martin Luther over his teachings begins during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. Initially intimidated, he asks for time to reflect before answering and is given a stay of one day.
- 1524 – Giovanni da Verrazzano reaches New York harbor.
- 1797 – Sir Ralph Abercromby attacks San Juan, Puerto Rico, in what would be one of the largest invasions of the Spanish territories in America.
- 1895 – The Treaty of Shimonoseki between China and Japan is signed. This marks the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, and the defeated Qing Empire is forced to renounce its claims on Korea and to concede the southern portion of the Fengtien province, Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands to Japan.
- 1897 – The Aurora, Texas UFO incident
- 1905 – The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York, which holds that the "right to free contract" is implicit in the due process clause of theFourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
- 1907 – The Ellis Island immigration center processes 11,747 people, more than on any other day.
- 1912 – Russian troops open fire on striking goldfield workers in northeast Siberia, killing at least 150.
- 1937 – Daffy Duck's first appearance, in Porky's Duck Hunt.
- 1944 – Forces of the Communist-controlled Greek People's Liberation Army attack the smaller National and Social Liberation resistance group, which surrenders. Its leader Dimitrios Psarros is murdered.
- 1945 – Brazilian forces liberate the town of Montese, Italy, from German Nazi forces.
- 1949 – At midnight 26 Irish counties officially leave the British Commonwealth. A 21-gun salute on O'Connell Bridge, Dublin, ushers in the Republic of Ireland.
- 1961 – Bay of Pigs Invasion: A group of Cuban exiles financed and trained by the CIA lands at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba with the aim of ousting Fidel Castro.
- 1969 – Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating Robert F. Kennedy.
- 1969 – Czechoslovakian Communist Party chairman Alexander Dubček is deposed.
- 1970 – Apollo program: The ill-fated Apollo 13 spacecraft returns to Earth safely.
- 1973 – George Lucas begins writing the treatment for The Star Wars.
- 1975 – The Cambodian Civil War ends. The Khmer Rouge captures the capital Phnom Penh and Cambodian government forces surrender.
- 1984 – Police Constable Yvonne Fletcher is killed by gunfire from the Libyan People's Bureau (Embassy) in London during a small demonstration outside the embassy. Ten others are wounded. The events lead to an 11-day siege of the building.
- 1986 – The Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War between the Netherlands and the Isles of Scilly ends.
- 1986 – Nezar Hindawi's attempt to detonate a bomb aboard an El Al flight from London to Tel Aviv is thwarted.
- 2006 – Sami Hammad, a Palestinian suicide bomber, detonates an explosive device in Tel Aviv, killing 11 people and injuring 70.
Births
- 1277 – Michael IX Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1320)
- 1586 – John Ford, English poet and playwright (d. 1639)
- 1620 – Marguerite Bourgeoys, French saint, founded the Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal (d. 1700)
- 1622 – Henry Vaughan, Welsh physician, author, and poet (d. 1695)
- 1734 – Taksin, Thai king (d. 1782)
- 1798 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician (d. 1840)
- 1837 – J. P. Morgan, American banker and financier, founded J.P. Morgan & Co. (d. 1913)
- 1863 – Augustus Edward Hough Love, English mathematician (d. 1940)
- 1896 – Señor Wences, Spanish-American ventriloquist (d. 1999)
- 1957 – Nick Hornby, English author and screenwriter
- 1974 – Victoria Beckham, English singer and actress (Spice Girls)
- 1984 – Rosanna Davison, Irish model and actress, Miss World 2003
- 1996 – Dee Dee Davis, American actress
Deaths
- 485 – Proclus, Greek philosopher (b. 412)
- 617 – Donnán of Eigg, Irish priest and saint
- 1695 – Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican poet and scholar (b. 1651)
- 1790 – Benjamin Franklin, American inventor, publisher, and politician, 6th President of Pennsylvania (b. 1706)
- 1882 – George Jennings, English engineer and plumber, invented the Flush toilet (b. 1810)
- 1998 – Linda McCartney, American singer-songwriter, photographer, and activist (Wings) (b. 1941)
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