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February 15, 2014 / 15 Adar I 5774 / Shavua Tov
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February 16, 2014 / 16 Adar I 5774
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===Events
- 364 – Emperor Jovian dies after a reign of eight months. He is found dead in his tent at Tyana (Asia Minor) en route back to Constantinople in suspicious circumstances.
- 1600 – The philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive, for heresy, at Campo de' Fiori in Rome.
- 1621 – Myles Standish is appointed as first commander of Plymouth colony.
- 1801 – An electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr is resolved when Jefferson is elected President of the United States and Burr Vice President by the United States House of Representatives.
- 1838 – Weenen massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal are killed by Zulus.
- 1863 – A group of citizens of Geneva founded an International Committee for Relief to the Wounded, which later became known as the International Committee of the Red Cross.
- 1864 – American Civil War: The H. L. Hunley becomes the first submarine to engage and sink a warship, the USS Housatonic.
- 1865 – American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina, is burned as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.
- 1871 – The victorious Prussian Army parades through Paris, France after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.
- 1904 – Madama Butterfly receives its première at La Scala in Milan.
- 1933 – The Blaine Act ends Prohibition in the United States.
- 1965 – Project Ranger: The Ranger 8 probe launches on its mission to photograph the Mare Tranquillitatis region of the Moon in preparation for the manned Apollo missions.Mare Tranquillitatis or the "Sea of Tranquility" would become the site chosen for the Apollo 11 lunar landing.
- 1972 – Sales of the Volkswagen Beetle exceed those of the Ford Model-T.
- 1978 – The Troubles: The Provisional IRA detonates an incendiary bomb at the La Mon restaurant, near Belfast, killing 12 and seriously injuring 30.
- 1979 – The Sino-Vietnamese War begins.
- 1992 – Nagorno-Karabakh War: Azerbaijani troops massacre 70–90 Armenian civilians in the village of Qaradağlı
- 1996 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, world champion Garry Kasparov beats the Deep Blue supercomputer in a chess match.
- 1996 – NASA's Discovery Program begins as the NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft lifts off on the first mission ever to orbit and land on an asteroid, 433 Eros.
- 2003 – The London Congestion Charge scheme begins.
Births
- 624 – Wu Zetian, Chinese empress (d. 705)
- 1653 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1713)
- 1740 – Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, Swiss physicist (d. 1799)
- 1781 – René Laennec, French physician, invented the stethoscope (d. 1826)
- 1844 – Aaron Montgomery Ward, American businessman, founded Montgomery Ward (d. 1913)
- 1854 – Friedrich Alfred Krupp, German businessman, founded Krupp (d. 1902)
- 1862 – Mori Ōgai, Japanese author and poet (d. 1922)
- 1864 – Banjo Paterson, Australian poet (d. 1941)
- 1877 – André Maginot, French sergeant and politician (d. 1932)
- 1912 – Andre Norton, American author (d. 2005)
- 1920 – Curt Swan, American illustrator (d. 1996)
- 1939 – Mary Ann Mobley, American actress, Miss America 1959
- 1940 – Gene Pitney, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
- 1954 – Rene Russo, American actress
- 1955 – Mo Yan, Chinese author, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1957 – Loreena McKennitt, Canadian singer-songwriter and accordion player
- 1962 – Lou Diamond Phillips, American actor and director
- 1963 – Michael Jordan, American basketball player and actor
- 1963 - John Samuel Ball, inventor
- 1971 – Denise Richards, American model and actress
- 1980 – Jason Ritter, American actor
- 1981 – Paris Hilton, American model, actress, singer
- 1984 – AB de Villiers, South African cricketer
- 1984 – Jimmy Jacobs, American wrestler
- 1996 – Sasha Pieterse, South African-American actress
Deaths
- 364 – Jovian, Roman emperor (b. 331)
- 440 – Mesrop Mashtots, Armenian monk, theologian, and linguist (b. 360)
- 661 – Finan, Irish monk and bishop
- 1600 – Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1548)
- 1609 – Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1549)
- 1673 – Molière, French playwright and actor (b. 1622)
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