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14
JANUARY
2014
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January 14, 2014 / 13 Shevat 5774 / A lot of interesting articles to read today!
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Events
- 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, but rules for only three months before committing suicide.
- 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of New France (Canada) and provide for the spread of the "Holy Catholic faith".
- 1559 – Elizabeth I is crowned Queen of England in Westminster Abbey, London, England.
- 1759 – The British Museum opens.
- 1782 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.
- 1844 – University of Notre Dame receives its charter from the state of Indiana.
- 1865 – American Civil War: Fort Fisher in North Carolina falls to the Union, thus cutting off the last major seaport of the Confederacy.
- 1870 – A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
- 1889 – The Coca-Cola Company, then known as the Pemberton Medicine Company, is incorporated in Atlanta, Georgia.
- 1892 – James Naismith publishes the rules of basketball.
- 1919 – Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, two of the most prominent socialists in Germany, are tortured and murdered by the Freikorps at the end of theSpartacist uprising.
- 1919 – Boston Molasses Disaster: A large molasses tank in Boston, Massachusetts, bursts and a wave of molasses rushes through the streets, killing 21 people and injuring 150 others.
- 1933 – A twelve-year-old girl experiences the first Marian apparition of Our Lady of Banneux in Banneux, Belgium.
- 1936 – The first building to be completely covered in glass, built for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company, is completed in Toledo, Ohio.
- 1943 – The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated in Arlington, Virginia.
- 1947 – The brutalized corpse of Elizabeth Short (The "Black Dahlia") is found in Los Angeles' Leimert Park.
- 1951 – Ilse Koch, "The Witch of Buchenwald", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment by a court in West Germany.
- 1962 – The Derveni papyrus, Europe's oldest surviving manuscript dating to 340 BC, is found in northern Greece.
- 1967 – The first Super Bowl is played in Los Angeles, California. The Green Bay Packers defeat the Kansas City Chiefs 35–10.
- 1970 – Moammar Gadhafi is proclaimed premier of Libya.
- 1973 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
- 1974 – Dennis Rader aka the BTK Killer kills his first victims by binding, torturing and murdering Joseph, Joseph II, Josephine and Julie Otero in their house.
- 1976 – Gerald Ford's would-be assassin, Sara Jane Moore, is sentenced to life in prison.
- 1991 – The United Nations deadline for the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from occupied Kuwait expires, preparing the way for the start of Operation Desert Storm.
- 2001 – Wikipedia, a free Wiki content encyclopedia, goes online.
- 2007 – Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti, former Iraqi intelligence chief and half-brother of Saddam Hussein, and Awad Hamed al-Bandar, former chief judge of the Revolutionary Court, are executed by hanging in Iraq.
Births
- 1432 – Afonso V of Portugal (d. 1481)
- 1622 – Molière, French playwright and actor (d. 1673)
- 1671 – Abraham de la Pryme, English antiquarian (d. 1704)
- 1674 – Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, French poet (d. 1762)
- 1747 – John Aikin, English doctor (d. 1822)
- 1754 – Richard Martin, Irish politician, co-founded the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (d. 1834)
- 1824 – Marie Duplessis, French courtier (d. 1847)
- 1842 – Mary MacKillop, Australian saint, co-founded the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart (d. 1909)
- 1870 – Pierre S. du Pont, American businessman (d. 1954)
- 1878 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (d. 1941)
- 1929 – Martin Luther King, Jr., American minster and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
- 1925 – Robert Silverberg, American science fiction author
- 1996 – Dove Cameron, American actress
Deaths
- 69 – Galba, Roman emperor (b. 3 BC)
- 570 – Íte of Killeedy, Irish nun and saint (b. 475)
- 849 – Theophylact (b. 793)
- 1790 – John Landen, English mathematician (b. 1719)
- 1804 – Dru Drury, English entomologist (b. 1725)
- 1815 – Emma, Lady Hamilton, English mistress of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (b. 1761)
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